By David G. Castro
Vitamins are a group of organic food substances or nutrients found only in living things, plants and animals. They can be divided into two classes based on their solubility: the water-soluble ones and the fat-soluble ones.

The first vitamin group (water-soluble) the folate (folic acid), vitamin B12, biotin, vitamin 6, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and vitamin C (ascorbic acid). The second vitamin group (fat-soluble) include the vitamins: vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin A, and vitamin K.

Even though vitamins and minerals aren’t an energy source (they have no calories) they assist in metabolizing nutrients in food and are indispensable in keeping body health.

Vitamins are necessary in small amounts for normal metabolism and good health so their depletion or excess can lead to chronic and sometimes acute diseases.

Functions:
Each vitamin has a specific function. For instance, a person may exhibit a typical health problem due to deficiency of a vitamin.

Vitamin A helps the formation and maintenance of teeth, bone and soft tissue, mucous membranes and skin health.

Vitamin B6 is also called pyridoxine. The more protein a person consumes, the more vitamin B6 is required to help the body use the protein. Vitamin B6 helps, among other things, the formation of red blood cells and the maintenance of brain function.

Vitamin B12 like other B vitamins, is important in metabolism and also helps the formation of red blood cells and maintenance of the central nervous system.

Vitamin C also called ascorbic acid, is an antioxidant that promotes healthy teeth and gums. This vitamin helps the body absorb iron and maintain healthy tissue and also promotes wound healing.

Vitamin D is also known as the “sunshine vitamin” because the body produces after exposure to sunlight. 10 to 15 minutes of sun exposure three times a week is sufficient to produce the physical requirements of this vitamin. This vitamin promotes the absorption of calcium in the body, essential for developing and maintaining healthy teeth and bones. It also helps maintain adequate blood levels of calcium and phosphorus.

Vitamin E also known as tocopherol plays an important role in the formation of red blood cells and helps the body use vitamin K.

Vitamin K does not appear in the list of essential vitamins, but without it blood would not clot. Some studies suggest that help maintain strong bones in the elderly.

Niacin is a vitamin B complex that helps maintain healthy skin and nerves and also has effects on cholesterol lowering.

Folate works with vitamin B12 to help in the formation of red blood cells and is necessary for the production of DNA, which controls tissue growth and cell function. Any pregnant woman should make sure to consume adequate amounts of folate, since low levels of this vitamin is associated with birth defects such as spina bifida. Many foods are now fortified with folic acid.

Pantothenic acid is essential for the metabolism of foods and also plays a role in the production of hormones and cholesterol.

Riboflavin (B2) works in conjunction with other B complex vitamins and plays an important role in body growth and the production of red blood cells.

Thiamine (B1) helps the body cells convert carbohydrates into energy. It is also essential for the functioning of the heart and maintaining healthy nerve cells.<br><br><font size=1>

David C. is the author of the Vitamin Supplement Blog, read more about vitamins and supplements at http://www.myvitaminsupplement.net.  Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=David_G._Castro